ISSUE FOCUS 34 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE December 2025 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Liters/Hour Pumped Temperature in °C Quantity of SAOX 2 Pumped Based on Temperature Impact on Viscosity and the Prominent Gamma X Pump Capacity Our studies show that viscosity varies significantly among antioxidant solutions, depending on active molecule concentration and carrier systems. For example: • SAOX 1 (BHA/BHT on vegetable carrier) • SAOX 2 (BHA/Propyl Gallate/Citric Acid on specific carrier) • NAOX 3 (Mixed Tocopherols/Rosemary extract on vegetable carrier) Each formulation has its own viscosity profile and therefore requires a dedicated application line tailored to that specific antioxidant (including suction line, pump, piping and nozzle). It’s crucial to maintain always the same temperature as the liquid antioxidant and keep the pump calibrated with the temperature of use. If not, we can observe significant variations in the amount of antioxidants applied, as shown in Figure 3. Critical temperature ranges from 5 to 20ºC impacting the dosage, which corresponds to the exponential decrease of SAOX 3 mentioned in Figure 2. If we apply SAOX 3 at 10ºC instead of 20ºC, pumps will deliver less than 10L per hour which is half of the quantity expected in this example. Conversely, highest temperature will deliver more antioxidants than targeted. These temperature variations reflect EU seasonality and also the lack of temperature control. Especially during winter. Rendering companies and pet food manufacturers are often highlighting some fat oxidation increases trend with higher Peroxides Values and Hexanal recoveries increase. But in parallel, antioxidant molecules recoveries are decreasing a lot related to liquid antioxidant application challenges. Key challenges include insufficient or decreased use of antioxidant solutions. A direct result is reduced product shelf life, potentially leading to end product recalls. During the summer period we notice occasionally higher antioxidant recoveries levels. In this context, the primary concerns may involve surpassing the rate of antioxidant molecule recovery in final pet food production, as well as potential increases in the associated costs of antioxidant usage. TAKE AWAY Between 10ºC and 25ºC, viscosity changes dramatically, impacting pump performance. • Cold conditions (winter): Higher viscosity → pumps deliver less antioxidant → underdosing Figure 3. Impact of temperature /Viscosity on the Prominent™ Gamma/X® pump liquid Synthetic antioxidant SAOX 2 application capacity2
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