TECHNOLOGY 64 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE September 2025 Example of Repeatability Results Table 1 demonstrates SDS III’s repeatability when analyzing common feed ingredients. Across different replicates, the coefficient of variation remained well under 1.5%. In contrast, in vivo trials have usually a CV of 5-10%. These results highlight SDS III’s reliability, a crucial requirement for consistent feed mill quality control. In a ring test across 4 labs using SDS III, most EHDE measurements had CVs below 1%, with wheat bran slightly higher at 1.97%, showing strong inter-lab consistency. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS IN FEED MILLS AND FEED ENZYME R&D Ingredient Screening SDS III allows feed mills to rapidly evaluate raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and cottonseed meal. For example, in tests of 52 soybean samples with varying crude protein contents, the estimated NE (Net Energy) values for swine ranged from 2131 to 2566 kcal/kg. Identifying such variation ensures that mills can adjust formulations proactively, maintaining consistency in animal performance. SDS III can hence detect meaningful energy differences not only between ingredients, but also among the ingredients from different varieties, storage conditions or processing methods (Figure 2). Diet Formulation With more reliable in vitro data, nutritionists can fine-tune diet formulations. This helps avoid over-formulation, which adds unnecessary costs, or under-formulation, which risks animal underperformance. The result is both economic and environmental efficiency. 2500 2400 2300 2200 2100 2000 1500 0 CP, ≤43% 2255 CP, 43-44% 2326 CP, 44-45% 2359 CP, 45-46% 2375 CP, 46-47% 2417 47.8 48.0 48.2 48.2 48.4 48.5 48.6 48.7 48.9 49.1 49.1 49.1 49.1 49.2 49.2 49.2 49.2 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.6 49.7 49.7 49.7 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.4 50.7 50.8 50.9 51.3 51.5 51.5 51.6 51.8 51.9 51.9 52.0 52.1 52.1 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 53.0 Figure 2 Ingredient IVDE, Cal/g (Trial 1) IVDE, Cal/g (Trial 2) IVDE, Cal/g (Trial 3) Average (Cal/g) Avg CV% CV% CV% CV% Corn Wheat Rapeseed meal Cottonseed meal 3714 3621 2567 2042 0.20 0.49 1.51 1.26 1.14 0.33 0.73 0.88 3704 3630 2562 2063 0.82 0.54 2.14 0.54 0.72 0.45 1.46 0.89 3706 3631 2580 2052 3701 3643 2611 2051
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