ISSUE FOCUS 66 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE July 2025 ithelium is multilayered and cornified and forms a protective barrier against endotoxin leakage under normal conditions. However, disruptions occur in this rumen barrier when a cow experiences acidosis, for example as a result of feeding highly fermentable carbohydrates. These changes increase the risk of endotoxins entering the bloodstream from the rumen. ELEVATED RISK FOR ENDOTOXEMIA Once endotoxins are absorbed, they will be detected by specific receptors (e.g. TLR-4 receptors) that stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These cytokines initiate inflammation setting off a chain reaction. This process modulates the functioning of various tissues and triggers the liver to produce acute-phase proteins. The increased immune responses will consume energy and nutrients needed for growth and milk production. In severe cases, elevated endotoxin levels in the blood (endotoxemia) can cause septic shock and even death. Thus, it is critical to minimize the transfer of endotoxins into the bloodstream and tissues. Endotoxemia can be prevented by minimizing damage to the intestinal barrier or by reducing the number of endotoxins in the gastrointestinal tract and rumen, for example by detoxifying the endotoxins. ENDOBAN PROTECTS GUT HEALTH & IMPROVES PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE Nutrex developed an innovative feed additive called EndoBan®, which integrates multiple strategies to reduce the translocation of harmful endotoxins into the bloodstream. This shields the animal from the adverse effects of endotoxins. EndoBan® supports dairy cows during heat stress by reducing leakage of endotoxins into the bloodstream, which prevents inflammatory responses that would otherwise drain energy from milk production. Consequently, EndoBan® maintains or even increases milk production despite heat stress due to rising temperatures or high metabolism. (Figure 2) Multiple trial results have shown that EndoBan® improves milk production and quality (fat, protein and lactose content), and significantly reduces soLumen Low-toxic LPS Medium-toxic LPS Toll-like receptor 4 Inflammation Epithelial cells Bloodstream WITHOUT ENDOBAN WITH ENDOBAN Tight junction High-toxic LPS Intestinal alkaline phosphatase EndoBan Reduction of the toxicity of endotoxins Removal of endotoxins from the gut lumen 2 1 Figure 2. Mode of action of EndoBan IAP: Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase, TLR-4: Toll-Like Receptor 4
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