ISSUE FOCUS 30 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE July 2025 can be integrated with traditional cooling methods to provide additional support. Rather than seeking single solutions for multifaceted problems, this research embraced systems thinking -- recognizing that heat stress disrupts multiple biological pathways requiring mitigation strategies. Dairy herds should be prepared to meet production and profitability demands by moving to a system-wide approach, involving every aspect of the farm in battling heat stress to maintain productivity. Providing a nutritional approach helps cows become more resilient to heat stress events that have become increasingly unpredictable in recent years. Since heat waves can strike suddenly and without warning, producers should consider implementing these feed formulation strategies as a proactive management tool rather than waiting for extreme temperatures to arrive before making dietary adjustments. The study also validates the importance of feed formulation strategies and commercial farm research conducted in real-world conditions. This farm environment represents the reality facing commercial producers worldwide. References 1Kadzere, C. T., Murphy, M. R., Silanikove, N., & Maltz, E. (2002). Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: A review. Livestock Production Science, 77(1), 59–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00330-X 2St-Pierre, N. R., Cobanov, B., & Schnitkey, G. (2003). Economic Losses from Heat Stress by US Livestock Industries1. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, E52–E77. https:// doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)74040-5 3Ninomiya, S., Goto, Y., Huricha, Onishi, H., Kurachi, M., & Ito, A. (2023). Lying posture as a behavioural indicator of heat stress in dairy cows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 265, 105981. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.applanim.2023.105981 4Cook, N. B., Mentink, R. L., Bennett, T. B., & Burgi, K. (2007). The Effect of Heat Stress and Lameness on Time Budgets of Lactating Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(4), 1674–1682. https://doi. org/10.3168/jds.2006-634 5Tao, S., Orellana, R. M., Weng, X., Marins, T. N., Dahl, G. E., & Bernard, J. K. (2018). Symposium review: The influences of heat stress on bovine mammary gland function1. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(6), 5642–5654. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13727 6Skibiel, A. L., Dado-Senn, B., Fabris, T. F., Dahl, G. E., & Laporta, J. (2018). In utero exposure to thermal stress has long-term effects on mammary gland microstructure and function in dairy cattle. PLOS ONE, 13(10), e0206046. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0206046 7Data on File at Lallemand Animal Nutrition. Czech Republic, 2023 Trial Data. 51 49 47 45 43 41 39 37 35 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 THI Milk Production (kg/hd/d) -6.9 kg/hd/d 11/07/2023 18/07/2023 25/07/2023 01/08/2023 08/08/2023 15/08/2023 29/08/2023 05/09/2023 12/09/2023 Control THI Max Supplemented Group 22/08/2023 Figure 2. Milk production during moderate heat stress between control cows and cows supplemented with rumen-specific live yeast, selenium-enriched yeast, and a superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant.7
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