Feed & Additive Magazine Issue 47 December 2024

SUSTAINABILITY 70 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE December 2024 “Unlike traditional AGPs which reduce diversity of gut microbiota, a gut health solution product having BSHI functionality supports the diversity of gut microbiota. Since the commensal microbiota have evolved additional detoxification mechanisms, such as bile efflux pumps, to defend against bile acid toxicity, they are hardly affected by both bile acids and the BSH inhibition mechanism.” Enteric diseases are the most critical economic and health problems in the livestock industry, causing reduced growth rates, increased mortality and cost of production. Numerous pathogenic bacterial species, such as Clostridium spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae, and B. Pilosicoli, are major causes of the enteric diseases during the entire phases of pig production (Figure 1). WHY GUT HEALTH IS IMPORTANT IN PIG PRODUCTION? Neonatal and post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) are the most frequently observed enteric diseases in commercial production systems. Multiple enteric infections can coincide during the neonatal and the post-weaning phase, leading to complex clinical disease patterns that make control measures difficult. The transition to the weaning stage is especially challenging in swine production, making piglets vulnerable to gastrointestinal health disruptions. The gut health of nursery pigs right after weaning is closely associated with their growth performance and overall economic returns to the producers. That is why post-weaning diarrhea is one of the major concerns related to the gut health of nursery pigs. As post-weaning diarrhea is often caused by the introduction and overgrowth of specific pathogens, it is crucial to improve gut health and strengthen immunity to effectively control pathogen-originated infections. THE EXPANSION OF REGULATIONS ON PROPHYLACTIC USE OF ANTIBIOTICS AND ZINC OXIDE Prophylactic use of antibiotics has been the most effective measure to prevent enteric diseases and to promote animal growth in commercial swine production, hence the term "antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs)" has been used. With the increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the strict regulations of the AGPs, however, alternatives to antibiotics are needed to maintain the gut health and the production efficiency of piglets. Furthermore, the pig industry has used antimicrobial minerals, such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper sulfate (CuSO4), for many years to reduce diarrhea in post-weaned pigs. Unfortunately, the therapeutic use of zinc oxide was banned across the European Union (EU) in the summer of 2022 due to potential environmental risks and in line with regulations set by the EU. GUT HEALTH SOLUTION: From phytogenic to bile salt hydrolase inhibition Vicky Hyejin Yoo Technical Marketing Manager of Gut Health CJ BIO

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