ARTICLE FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE August 2024 75 Combining multiple models with advanced technologies, including the oCelloscope, allowed scientists to more deeply examine cellular activities compared to the commonly relied on models that primarily count colony forming units (CFUs). Thus, researchers were able to go beyond revealing the presence and prevalence of a mould to detail the mould’s growth kinetics, cell metabolism and development. EXPLORING THE SYNERGIES UNDERLYING MOULD INHIBITION The mode of action deployed by Fylax Forte-HC liquid with ActiProp relies on its synergistic and proprietary combination of ingredients. New insights also shed light on the potential cytomorphologic effects of the mould inhibitor, including how it disrupts the integrity of the mould’s cell wall. The findings also demonstrate the mould inhibitor’s effects on mitochondria directly related with energy generation and metabolic functions such as initiating and regulating apoptosis. This unique mode of action validates principles developers followed when developing and studying Fylax Forte-HC liquid with ActiProp. While the anti-fungal properties of propionic acid have long been used as a preservation strategy for grain and animal feed production, applying a single acid may not be as economically viable as perceived. Additionally, the volatile nature of propionic acid means that its long-lasting effect may be compromised. Buffering is often used to support a more effective application, reduce the corrosive proprieties of propionic acid, and support safer handling. The synergy of ingredients should always be considered when formulating effective feed safety solutions. For example, the specific metabolic and absorption properties of different acids may affect other ingredients. Individual organic acids exert different properties and can have varying acidic values. The complexity of this situation demands a comprehensive, multi-action approach that is capable of defending against a range of mould species commonly found in feed and feed ingredients. EMPLOYING THE MODELS TO EVALUATE EFFICACY Applying the enhanced capabilities of new models, Selko and Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute researchers conducted a series of experiments that looked at how Fylax Forte-HC liquid with ActiProp affected germinating conidia, and subsequent germ tubes and hyphae. Light microscopy was used to count the colonies that developed. Fungal colonies from isolated conidia germination and growth were assessed for the different treatments using the oCelloscope. Results showed that the survival and development of Aspergillus chevalieri conidia was significantly decreased in the presence of Fylax Forte-HC liquid with ActiProp compared to a control group. The antifungal blend was demonstrated to significantly reduce the ability of hyphae (fungal cells) to grow compared to a control group (table 1, figure 1). Viable Cells Count Germination % FFHC ActiProp Control 33.3a (±4.48) 83.7a (±1.96) 1.83b (±4.48) 3.3b (±0.88) Table 1. Germination efficiency of conidia of Aspergillus chevalieri after incubation in demi water and different components for 48 h at 25C in media P-Values Treatment Replicate .0042 0.3955 <.0001 0.0293
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