ARTICLE 70 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE April 2024 DOSAGES OF SYNBIOTICS IN SHRIMP FARMING The dosage of synbiotics varies depending on the specific products available from different companies, as well as the particular diseases affecting the cultured system. For instance, a product called "Gut Health" from Charoen Pokphand Foods (CPF) functions as a synbiotic, comprising beta-glucan as a prebiotic along with various bacterial strains as probiotics. Typically, the recommended dosage of "Gut Health" for regular usage in a standard pond environment range from 5 to 10 grams per kilogram of feed per meal per day. However, in cases where the pond is afflicted with white gut and white faecal infections, the recommended dosage increases to about 10 to 15 grams per kilogram of feed per two meals per day. PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES Although the use of synbiotics presents enormous benefits to the aquaculture industry, its application is equally presented with problems and challenges. The use of synbiotics in aquaculture comes with extra costs to aquaculture farms. This is primarily due to the necessity of carefully assessing and evaluating new strains for both safety and efficacy before incorporating them into products. In addition, companies that produce these products need to ensure modern techniques are used in their production for safe and quality products. Another challenge in the use of synbiotics in shrimp farming is their preparation and storage. Variations in size, age, and stage of shrimp culture further complicate the selection process, necessitating careful consideration to optimize the benefits of synbiotic supplementation in shrimp farming. CONCLUSION The synbiotic has the ability to regulate the composition of the microbiota by prebiotic and probiotic microorganisms is an interesting approach in the control and treatment of some major diseases in shrimp farming owing to its beneficial effect on the host organism. However, its use in the commercial shrimp culture has yet to be realized in its full strength. References: 1. Boonanuntanasarn, S., Wongsasak, U., Pitaksong, T., & Chaijamrus, S. (2016). Effects of dietary supplementation with β‐glucan and synbiotics on growth, haemolymph chemistry, and intestinal microbiota and morphology in the Pacific white shrimp. Aquaculture Nutrition, 22(4), 837-845. 2. Butt, U. D., Lin, N., Akhter, N., Siddiqui, T., Li, S., & Wu, B. (2021). Overview of the latest developments in the role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in shrimp aquaculture. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 114, 263-281. 3. Huynh, T. G., Cheng, A. C., Chi, C. C., Chiu, K. H., & Liu, C. H. (2018). A synbiotic improves the immunity of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: Metabolomic analysis reveal compelling evidence. Fish & shellfish immunology, 79, 284-293. 4. Huynh, T. G., Shiu, Y. L., Nguyen, T. P., Truong, Q. P., Chen, J. C., & Liu, C. H. (2017). Current applications, selection, and possible mechanisms of actions of synbiotics in improving the growth and health status in aquaculture: a review. Fish & shellfish immunology, 64, 367-382. 5. Li, J., Tan, B., & Mai, K. (2009). Dietary probiotic Bacillus OJ and isomaltooligosaccharides influence the intestine microbial populations, immune responses and resistance to white spot syndrome virus in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Aquaculture, 291(1-2), 35-40. 6. Okey, I. B., Gabriel, U. U., & Deekae, S. N. (2018). The use of synbiotics (Prebiotic and probiotic) in aquaculture development. Sumerianz Journal of Biotechnology, 1(2), 51-60.
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