ISSUE FOCUS FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE March 2024 33 therefore very important tools to combat mycotoxicosis effectively. Looking closer to different subsets of immune cells, the mucosal helper lymphocytes, cytotoxic lymphocytes as well as peripheral blood helper lymphocytes were restored by the anti-mycotoxin solution. This shows that the prevention of the mycotoxin related symptoms is both at a gut level as on a systemic level. The role of helper lymphocytes is to organize the adaptive immune response and to activate other lymphocytes. Furthermore, cytotoxic lymphocytes are important in cellular immunity and eliminating invading pathogens. AN ADDITIONAL LPS CHALLENGE As discussed above endotoxins can exert inflammatory effects on the gut barrier and hence change the immune status of the animal. Thus, based on the above-mentioned in vivo results, an experiment was designed to investigate synergies between LPS and mycotoxins on broiler’s immune response. In total 84 animals were divided over 3 treatments with 4 replicates each. A basal corn-soybean meal diet was formulated as a control diet, while aflatoxins (315 ppb) and T2-toxin (858 ppb) were added to the other 2 treatments. The third treatment additionally received Elitox® at 2 kg/T inclusion in the final feed. On day 21, two animals per cage were injected with 100ml LPS from E. coli 24 hours before blood sampling. 24 hours post LPS injection blood was sampled and submitted for flow cytometry analysis to determine circulating lymphocytes, the inflammation response and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6). In contrast to the fumonisin trial (figure 2), an increase in the mucosal helper lymphocytes and cytotoxic lymphocytes was observed. This shows that mycotoxins in combination Figure 2. From left to right: Number of cytotoxic lymphocytes, mucosal & peripheral blood lymphocytes were lowered by fumonisins contamination and restored by supplementing an anti-mycotoxin solution (p<0.05). Data presented as measured by flow cytometry on broiler blood samples on day 28 of age.
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