SPECIAL STORY 64 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE September 2023 Plenty of studies prove that Lysozyme improves gut performance and protects against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in neonatal piglets (Guanping Huang-Veterinary research-2018). Ovomucin is a heterogeneous mixture of glycoproteins responsible for the gel-like structure of egg white and it increases the number of macrophages. Ovomucin and its derivatives have good anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunity-regulating properties. These activities keep the physical-junctions barrier, and immune associated with good intestinal health (Aobai Tu-2020). Ovotransferrin has an antibacterial effect by binding iron and preventing that it can be used by bacteria. Ovotransferrin has an antifungal, antiviral, antioxidative, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory properties (Alexandra Acero-Lopez-2012-International food research). VITAMINS Vitamin D, prominently present in egg yolks, plays a significant role in the bone health and calcium metabolism. This nutrient ensures the proper development of strong skeletal structures in piglets. The vitamin D receptor can be found in the intestinal enterocyte, the osteoblast, and the renal cells, but also in the intestine, pancreas, heart, eye, brain, thyroid, parathyroid, and muscle. Deficits of Vit D can produce weak and fragile bones, at the end also paralysis in the piglets. Vitamin A is vital in sustaining a healthy skin, supporting the immune function, keeping good vision, and promoting general reproductive health. Deficiency of vitamin A can make pathologies of the eyes and the epithelial tissues but also in the respiratory, reproductive, nervous, urinary, and digestive systems. Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is essential for the energy metabolism and neurological function. Piglets with deficits of Vit B 12 can make hyperirritability, pain, and incoordination. This Vitamin B 12 is mostly present in the yolk part of the egg. Vitamin B2, Riboflavin helps to convert the feed eaten by a piglet into the energy that they need for growth. Deficits of Vitamin B2 can reduce weight gain and these piglets usually have a poor appetite. Vitamin B3, Niacin helps the functioning of the digestive system of the piglets. Deficits of Niacin can produce inflammatory lesions of the digestive tract and diarrhea and can reduce weight of the piglets. Choline is a vital nutrient crucial for the piglet brain development and cognitive function and protects the liver functions. Choline contributes to the formation of cell membranes. It is necessary for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, the synthesis of betaine and phosphatidylcholine. Piglets’ deficits of Choline can produce fatty livers and kidney damage. According to the 2012 Nutrient Requirements of Swine, choline requirements for starter/grower/finisher pigs are 400‐600 mg/kg diet; and for gestation/lactation are 600‐1,250 mg/kg diet. HIGH-QUALITY PROTEIN The high-quality protein content of egg powder supplies essential amino acids (Tryptophan, Alanine, Valine, Lysine, Methionine…) for piglet’s growth and development. The ten essential amino acids for pigs are: lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, arginine, his-
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