Feed & Additive Magazine Issue 2 March 2021

ISSUE FOCUS 36 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE March 2021 THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMALHUSBANDRY INGLOBALWARMING The impact of animal husbandry on climate change is evaluated in two ways. One of these is the effect caused by the destruction of forest areas and the ex- pansion of land to obtain more production areas. The other is the effect of methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide gases, which develop depending on production and management practices and increase due to enteric fermentation, fertilizer management, feed production, and energy consumption. According to the FAO and IPCC report, most defor- estation and the conversion of natural ecosystems take place as a result of agriculture expansion. Emissions from such activities amount to between 8.4 to 10.3 gigatonnes of CO 2 per annum. Gas emissions that re- late to agricultural production are dominated by non- CO 2 gases, mostly from agricultural soils, enteric fer- mentation, manure management, and rice cultivation. There are several emissions hotspots in the world, typically tied to livestock (including enteric fermen- tation and manure management emissions), forests (including emissions from fires, deforestation, and wood harvesting), and crops (including paddy rice, cropland soil, and croplands over drained histosols). Emissions are elevated around the Congo Basin (defor- estation and livestock), in the Rift Valley (livestock), and in South Asia and Southeast Asia (rice paddies). In the southeastern part of South America and on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there are crop-related emissions. Emissions intrinsic to soils are found in the Mid- western United States, Western Europe, parts of South Asia, and part of East Asia, where fertilizer and manure applications are significant as a consequence of the rapid growth in meat and dairy consumption during the last four decades. While all types of meat consumption are increasing, monogastrics such as pork and poultry show the strongest rise. Unlike The impact of animal husbandry on climate change is evaluated in two ways. One of these is the effect caused by the destruction of forest areas and the expansion of land to obtain more production areas. The other is the effect of methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide gases, which develop depending on production and management practices and increase due to enteric fermentation, fertilizer management, feed production, and energy consumption.