Feed & Additive Magazine Issue 29 June 2023

ARTICLE FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE June 2023 61 s0378-4320(02)00248-8. PMID: 12586488. 4. Eckel EF, Ametaj BN. Bacterial Endotoxins and Their Role in Periparturient Diseases of Dairy Cows: Mucosal Vaccine Perspectives. Dairy. 2020; 1(1):6190. https://doi.org/10.3390/dairy1010006 5. Wallace, R.J., Gropp, J., Dierick, N., Costa, L.G., Martelli, G., Brantom, P.G., Bampidis, V., Renshaw, D.W. and Leng, L., 2016. Risks associated with endotoxins in feed additives produced by fermentation. Environmental Health, 15(1), pp.1-7. 6. van Beers‐Schreurs, H.M.G., Vellenga, L., Wensing, T. and Breukink, H.J., 1992. The pathogenesis of the post‐weaning syndrome in weaned piglets; a review. Veterinary Quarterly, 14(1), pp.29-34. 7. Sattar, A.A., 2014. Lipopolysaccharide in marine bathing water; a potential real-time biomarker of bacterial contamination and relevance to human health. (Ph.D. thesis) accecced on 15-05-2023. https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk/ bitstream/handle/10026.1/3185/2014%20Sattar%20 10250431%20PhD.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 8. Poltorak, A., HE, X., Smirnova, I., Liu, M.-Y., Huffel, C. V., DU, X., Birdwell, D., Alejos, E., Silva, M., Galanos, C., Freudenberg, M., Ricciardi-Castagnoli, P., Layton, B. & Beutler, B. 1998. Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene. Science, 282, 2085-2088. 9. O’neill, L. A. J. & Dinarello, C. A. 2000. The IL-1 receptor/toll-like receptor superfamily: crucial receptors for inflammation and host defense. Immunology Today, 21, 206-209 10. Keating, S. E., Maloney, G. M., Moran, E. M. & Bowie, A. G. 2007. IRAK-2 Participates in Multiple Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathways to NFκB via Activation of TRAF6 Ubiquitination. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 282, 33435-33443. 11. Sun, L., Deng, L., EA, C.-K., Xia, Z.-P. & Chen, Z. J. 2004. The TRAF6 Ubiquitin Ligase and TAK1 Kinase Mediate IKK Activation by BCL10 and MALT1 in T Lymphocytes. Molecular Cell, 14, 289-301. 12. Kim, H. M., Park, B. S., Kim, J.-I., Kim, S. E., Lee, J., OH, S. C., Enkhbayar, P., Matsushima, N., Lee, H., Yoo, O. J. & Lee, J.-O. 2007. Crystal Structure of the TLR4-MD-2 Complex with Bound Endotoxin Antagonist Eritoran. Cell, 130, 906-917. 13. Weintraub, A., Zähringer, U., Wollenweber, H.-W., Seydel, U. & Rietschel, E. T. 1989. Structural characterization of the lipid A component of Bacteroides fragilis strain NCTC 9343 lipopolysaccharide. European Journal of Biochemistry, 183, 425-431. 14. Rietschel, E. T., Kirikae, T., Schade, F. U., Ulmer, A. J., Holst, O., Brade, H., Schmidt, G., Mamat, U., Grimmecke, H.-D., Kusumoto, S. & Zähringer, U. 1993. The chemical structure of bacterial endotoxin in relation to bioactivity. Immunobiology, 187, 169- 190. 15. Parra-Blanco, A., Nicolas, D., Arnau, M.R., Gimeno-Garcia, A.Z., Rodrigo, L. and Quintero, E., 2011. Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection assisted by a new traction method: the clip-band technique. A feasibility study in a porcine model (with video). Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 74(5), pp.1137-1141.

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