ARTICLE 64 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE December 2022 protection of the enterocytes and reduction of the possibility for pathogens to interact with the epithelial cells (Bungo – WPC 2020) (Figure 2). Additionally, a similar heat stress trial was performed by the same research group and showed that heat stress is inducing leaky gut symptoms with impairment of the tight junctions. Whereas supplementation of the yeast postbiotic under these conditions could strengthen the tight junctions and prevent the leakage of harmful substance into the systemic system of the animals (Bungo – WPC 2020). OXIDATIVE STRESS REDUCTION Oxidative stress occurs when excess of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are creating an imbalance between the pro- and antioxidant system which in turn disrupts physiological processes and cause disease. Consequently, intestinal oxidative stress plays an important role in the early stage of intestinal injury. It triggers abnormal cell proliferation, growth stagnation and apoptosis leading to intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation (Wang et al 2020). A good antioxidant system is thus of outmost importance to balance the production of RONS, or neutralise them, while still guaranteeing their biological function. Seleno-enzymes e.g., glutathione peroxidase (GPx), are known for their actions in the antioxidant system and are requiring the trace element selenium for their activity. As selenium is a trace element, it is provided within the animal feed in inorganic or organic forms. The organic forms include synthetic selenomethionine (SeMet) or selenized yeasts, rich in natural Se components. The highly consistent organic selenium enriched yeast, Selsaf®, is obtained from the specific cultivation of a proprietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CNCM I-3399) and contains SeCys and SeMet from which the selenium atom can be used for the construction of animal seleno-enzymes. The high selenium values in blood after Selsaf administration show that the active selenium components in Selsaf® are efficiently absorbed by the gut. This leading to a higher bioavailability of the selenium with higher activity of the seleno-enzymes like GPx and thus a better functioning anti-oxidant system. Furthermore, trials comparing the efficacity of the organic selenium enriched yeast Selsaf with synthetic organic SeMet products have demonstrated that Selsaf can greatly improve the production capacities of both broilers and layers (Figures 3 and 4). MICROBIOTA MODULATION AND PATHOGEN PREVENTION In cells, the microbial inhabitants of the intestine largely exceed those of the host and mediate key physiological processes for the health of the host. The microbiota exhibits important functions in digestion, development and regulation of the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) but also competes Figure 2. Mucin 2 expression is significantly increased by yeast postbiotic Safmannan, under challenging or normal experimental conditions.
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