ISSUE FOCUS 32 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE September 2022 Beta-glucanbeing amost potent immunostimulant, well-known for their biological response modifiers (BRMs) possess substantial immunomodulating action. The receptor present inside the animal’s body recognizes and binds to the β–glucan, which in turn renders the animal with high resistance and enhanced immune response. ADVANTAGES OF β-GLUCAN The effects of β-glucan in humans, fish, and animals include improving immune system performance without making it overactive, lowering LDL cholesterol levels, preventing infections, boosting resistance to infectious pathogens, promoting wound healing, and acting as an adjuvant in the treatment of cancer. β- Glucans can be used to treat intestinal issues and control mucosal immunity in the gut since they are indigestible. METHODS OF ADMINISTRATION When administered orally, intramuscularly, or added to the feed, beta-glucans have the enormous potential to boost fish growth and survival rates, while supplying disease resistance and defence against infectious diseases. β-GLUCANS' FUNCTION IN THE FISHERIES SECTOR • It increases the activity of both cellular and non-cellular defense systems, including lysozyme, phagocyte, complement, and macrophage bactericidal capabilities. • Encourage restoration from immunosuppressive conditions, caused by any kind of stress. • Preventive care for anticipated seasonal outbreaks of endemic illnesses. • Reducing the mortality of young fish from opportunistic infections. • Prevents the Viral illness and enhances resistance against farmed shrimp disease resistance. • Increasing the effectiveness of vaccinations and anti-microbial drugs. CONCLUSION Antibiotics and vaccinations are frequently used to stop the spread of infectious illnesses. However, these methods are not economical, and over time, microorganisms develop antibiotic resistance. As a result, immunostimulants are being utilized more often in aquaculture as a substitute for vaccinations and antibiotics to achieve sustainable aquaculture. References 1.Barman, D., Nen, P., Mandal, S. C., & Kumar, V. (2013). Immunostimulants for aquaculture health management. J Marine Sci Res Dev, 3(3), 1-11. 2. Harada, T., Misaki, A., & Saito, H. (1968). Curdlan: a bacterial gel-forming β-1, 3-glucan. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 124, 292-298. 3. Seljelid, R., Bøgwald, J., Hoffman, J., & Larm, O. (1984). A soluble β-1, 3-D-glucan derivative potentiates the cytostatic and cytolytic capacity of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Immunopharmacology, 7(1), 69-73. About Raahavishree Thanigaivel Raahavishree Thanigaivel is now enrolled in Dr. M.G.R Fisheries College & Research Institute, TNJFU, Ponneri, where she is in her third year of undergraduate. The enormous variety of fishes and their habitats fascinate her. She has been attending various international and national seminars to nurture the knowledge of fisheries. Sticking to the quote “Share your knowledge. It is a way to achieve immortality”. About Malreddy Joshna Malreddy Joshna is currently pursuing her doctor of philosophy in aquaculture at Dr. M.G.R. Fisheries College and Research Institute, TNJFU, Ponneri. She has dissertated her master degree on Inulin related studies on GIFT, which is also a feed additive. She has been attending a range of national and international seminars to deepen her understanding of fisheries keeping with the adage "To gain knowledge, add things every day." She has written and published a number of reviews.
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