ISSUE FOCUS 36 FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE August 2022 To determine the efficacy of the mycotoxin binder, endpoint biomarkers such as concentration in blood/serum/plasma, products such as milk, meat or eggs should be used together with excretion of metabolites in faeces and urine, should be used. The specific mycotoxin and target species that is used in the trial will determine the relevant biomarker. The availability of sensitive analytical methods that are validated for the specific matrices must also be considered. Table 1 illustrates the most relevant biomarker endpoints for substances reducing the contamination of feed by mycotoxins as stated in the EFSA journal guidelines on efficacy.8 CONCLUSION A wide variety of materials are available that can bind to mycotoxins in feed. These products help reduce the toxicity of the exposure to the animals consuming the feed. The authorisation guidelines supplied by EFSA will assist companies who are producing these new mycotoxin binders to plan and execute scientific studies required by EFSA, in the correct way, to ensure authorisation is granted. It is an area in which a lot of research and development is invested into finding products with the desired characteristics, and more products are needing registration on a regular basis. References: 1. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ mycotoxins 2. https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/feed-additives 3. https://www.asi.k-state.edu/research-and-extension/ swine/swinenutritionguide/mycotoxinbinders.html 4. Magnoli, Alejandra & Poloni, Valeria & Cavaglieri, Lilia. (2019). Impact of mycotoxin contamination in the animal feed industry. Current Opinion in Food Science. 29. 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.08.009. 5. Jacela, J Y.; DeRouchey, Joel M.; Tokach, Michael D.; Goodband, Robert D.; Nelssen, Jim L.; Renter, David G.; and Dritz, Steven S. (2010) "Feed additives for swine: Fact sheets – flavors and mold inhibitors, mycotoxin binders, and antioxidants," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 0: Iss. 10. https://doi. org/10.4148/2378-5977.7069 6. https://food.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-06/animal-feed_additives_eu-register_1831-03.pdf 7. https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/applications/apdeskapplworkflowfeedadd.pdf 8. https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5274 9. Whitlow, Lon. (2006). Evaluation of mycotoxin binders. Proceedings of the 4th Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Conference About Dawn Botha Dawn Botha was born and raised in South Africa and completed her Master of Science in dairy nutrition at the University of Stellenbosch in the picturesque town of Stellenbosch near Cape Town. Later in her career, she took an interest in marketing management and decided to add this to her skill set. She has extensive experience within the animal nutrition and animal health fields, in particular production animals and has worked for multinational animal health companies based in South Africa. She has recently joined the team from Pen & Tec Consulting as their Technical Marketing Manager in Barcelona and is now based in the EU. Target mycotoxins Aflatoxin B1 Deoxynivalenol Zearalenone Ochratoxin A Fumonisins B1 and B2 Most relevant endpoints Aflatoxin M1 in milk or egg yolk DON/metabolites in blood serum Zearalenone + α and β-zearalenol in plasma excretion of zearalenone metabolites Ochratoxin in kidney or blood serum Sphinganine/sphingosine ration in blood, plasma or tissues
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