ISSUE FOCUS FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE August 2022 23 well as export. AFM1 requirements in the importing countries should be studied thoroughly before planning the export of milk and milk products. There are many instances of milk being rejected at the port of entry due to higher than stipulated AFM1 concentrations in milk. At the animal level, fortunately there are effective strategies to bind AFB1 in the intestine thereby preventing its entry into blood circulation. Selko has incorporated a high quality smectite binder in their product TOXO-MX and this product has shown to significantly lower AFM1 levels by 65%. Such effect was achieved at very low concentrations of AFB1 in TMR indicating product’s high affinity towards AFB1 (Figure 2). Can the TOXO range bind multiple mycotoxins? A series of in vitro trials conducted at independent labs have shown that TOXO range can bind multiple mycotoxins. In addition to more than 90% binding to AFB1, TOXO range can bind T-2 toxin, ZEN, and OTA to the tune of 35 to 45%. Other two “Big 6” mycotoxins are hard to bind, and hence different modes of action need to apply. On the other hand, TOXO range has shown to bind ergot toxins up to 93.6% at pH 3 and 7. Given the increased emphasis on emerging mycotoxins, a study done in 2021 in Germany looked at the TOXO range ability to bind emerging mycotoxins at a pH of 3 or 6.5. All three of the emerging mycotoxins (roquefortine C, sterigmatocystin and enniatin) showed to be bound at more than 74% (Figure 3). How tomanage the effects of multiplemycotoxins on milk production? TOXO-XXL is Selko’s most broad-spectrum mycotoxin mitigation product encompassing four mode of actions – reduction in mycotoxin bioavailability, strengthening gut barrier function, modulation of immune response, and enhanced antioxidant status. Controlled research was carried out at University of Cattolica in Italy to understand the efficacy of TOXO-XXL in reducing the negative impact of multiple Fusarium mycotoxins on the dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, and rumination time. A total of 31 Holstein lactating cows were enrolled in the study, where 16 cows were used for a trial in the spring period and the trial was repeated in the following summer period with another 15 cows. Each period consisted of a 7-day of adaptation and a 54-day intoxication, where cows were blocked based on days in milk (DIM) and parity, and randomly assigned to specific treatments. Treatments are listed in Table 1. The daily milk production and milk composition was measured by AfiLab system. Cows were milked twice a day and weighted after each milking. During a 54-day exposure to moderate levels of Fusarium mycotoxins, DMI (expressed as a percentage relative to body weight) reduced from 4.02 to Figure 2. TOXO-MX lowering AFM1 levels in milk (CTR-0: Control feed, CTR-AFLA: Feed with AFB1, TRT: Feed with AFB1 and Toxo-MX) Figure 3: Adsorption capacity of TOXO range against some emerging mycotoxins
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