Feed & Additive Magazine Issue 22 November 2022

ARTICLE FEED & ADDITIVE MAGAZINE November 2022 77 About Marcos Zenobi, MSc., PhD. Marcos Zenobi is originally from Argentina. After receiving his Master of Science degree in 2013, he moved to Gainesville, Florida to start his PhD under Dr. Charles Staples and Dr. Jose Santos in the Animal Sciences Graduate Program at the University of Florida. Dr. Zenobi is a specialist in dairy nutrition and management. He now lives in Cordoba where he leads Balchem Technical Services, mostly in Latin America. He also teaches undergraduate and graduate students in Argentina. metabolic disease of transition cows (not reported in the Lima et al., 2012 study). Choline continues to be of great interest to researchers across many species including humans and dairy cattle. Research in just the last few years has shown that feeding rumen protected choline during transition improves milk production over the entire lactation, helps maintain healthier cows and improves calf health and performance. Much more remains to be understood about how choline supplementation improves cow health and research continues in this arena. What does seem clear is that choline is an essential nutrient that appears to be limiting at least during the transition period when demand is elevated and choline availability is limited. References • Arshad, U., M. G. Zenobi, C. R. Staples, and J. E. P. Santos. 2020. Meta-analysis of the effects of supplemental rumen-protected choline during the transition period on performance and health of parous dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 103:282–300. • Bollatti, J.M., M. G. Zenobi, N. A. Artusso, A. M. Lopez, C. D. Nelson, B. A. Barton, C. R. Staples, and J. E. P. Santos. 2020. Effects of rumen-protected choline on the inflammatory and metabolic status and health of dairy cows during the transition period. J. Dairy Sci. 103:4192–4205. • Bobe, G., J. W. Young, and D. C. Beitz. 2004. Invited review: Pathology, etiology, prevention, and treatment of fatty liver in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87:3105–3124. • Cole, L. K., J. E. Vance, and D. E. Vance. 2012. Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and lipoprotein metabolism. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1821:754–761. • Cooke, R. F., N. S. Del Rio, D. Z. Caraviello, S. J. Bertics, M. H. Ramos, and R. R. Grummer. 2007. Supplemental choline for prevention and alleviation of fatty liver in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 90:2413– 2418. • Liang, D., L.M. Arnold, C.J. Stowe, R.J. Harmon, J.M. Bewley. 2017. Estimating US dairy clinical disease costs with a stochastic simulation model. J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 100:1472–1486. • Lima, F. S., M. F. Sa Filho, L. F. Greco, and J. E. P. Santos. 2012. Effects of feeding rumen-protected choline on incidence of diseases and reproduction of dairy cows. Vet. J. 193:140–145. • Reynolds, C. K., P. C. Aikman, B. Lupoli, D. J. Humphries, and D. E. Beaver. 2003. Splanchnic metabolism of dairy cows during the transition from late gestation through early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 86:1201–1217. • Zeisel, S.H. (2012). "A brief history of choline". Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism. 61 (3): 254–8. • Zenobi, M. G., T. L. Scheffler, J. E. Zuniga, M. B. Poindexter, S. R. Campagna, H. F. Castro Gonzalez, A. T. Farmer, B. A. Barton, J. E. P. Santos, and C. R. Staples. 2018a. Feeding increasing amounts of ruminally protected choline decreased fatty liver in nonlactating, pregnant Holstein cows in negative energy status. J. Dairy Sci. 101:5902–5923. • Zenobi, M. G., R. Gardinal, J. E. Zuniga, A. L. G. Dias, C. D. Nelson, J. P. Driver, B. A. Barton, J. E. P. Santos, and C. R. Staples. 2018b. Effects of supplementation with ruminally protected choline on performance of multiparous Holstein cows did not depend upon prepartum caloric intake. J. Dairy Sci. 101:1088–1110. • Zom, R. L., J. Van Baal, R. M. A. Goselink, M. J. de Veth, and A. M. van Vuuren. 2011. Effect of rumen-protected choline on performance and hepatic triacylglycerol concentrations in early-lactating dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 94:4016–4027.

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTUxNjkxNQ==